Can you fix a broken drug company research lab? Jack Scannell, the European pharmaceuticals analyst at Sanford C. Bernstein, recently held a conference on the future of drug research and development. On the last day, he had representatives from two of the most successful drug development organizations on the planet: Sean Bohen, who heads early resaerch and development at Genentech, part of Roche, which has had a legendary string of cancer drug successes; and Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen, the chief scientific officer at Novo Nordisk, one of the dominant players in diabetes and the best-performing big pharma stock over the past decade. This story is based on a transcript of their talks.