Most children treated in a variety of ways for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/healthinformation/adhdmenu.cfm) showed sustained improvement after three years in a major follow-up study funded by the National Institutes of Health? (NIH) National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Yet increased risk for behavioral problems, including delinquency and substance use, remained higher than normal.