Science Isn’t Complete Until It’s Clear: Communication Key to Research Process

 Illustration showing set of science speech bubbles

iStock, Eva Sanabria

Communication must be viewed as more than the last step of the research process. It is the structure that makes scientific work clear, trusted and remembered.

The first time I worked with patient DNA samples, I remember labeling each tube with careful precision. They were part of a study examining how a specific genetic variant influenced susceptibility to diabetes in my study cohort. The goal was to identify whether the same variant carried different levels of risk between men and women.

In those days, my focus stayed firmly on the technical side: pipetting accurately, running reactions, organizing results. What stayed with me, however, went beyond the data. Explaining the findings clearly to mentors and participants proved far more challenging than generating them. I began to see how conducting research others can trust and explaining it clearly are two separate but equally vital parts of science.

The project eventually became the topic of my first published research. The more lasting experience, however, came from sharing the results with members of the study cohort. Many participants wanted to understand what the findings meant for their health and families. Instead of presenting raw data, I translated the information into practical language and gave it context, explaining how lifestyle changes, balanced diets and regular checkups could help reduce risk. Through these discussions, I realized that communication is not the final step in research. It is what gives science meaning beyond the lab.

The Clarity Behind Credibility

When I began reviewing scientific manuscripts, I expected the best studies to be the ones filled with complex data and advanced methods. Over time, I realized that was not always true. The strongest papers were often the simplest, the ones that began with a clear question, explained why the experiment mattered and showed exactly how the data answered it.

Peer review slowly became more than a task for me. It became a quiet study in logic and communication. Each paper felt like a conversation with another scientist, one where clarity mattered as much as discovery. I found myself looking for that invisible thread connecting hypothesis, experiment and conclusion. When that thread held firm, even small results carried weight. When it broke, even impressive data lost its meaning. That was when I understood that communication is not something added after the research is done. It is the structure that holds the entire scientific process together, from hypothesis to interpretation.

Communication Within Collaboration

Early in my career, I joined a collaborative project that brought together scientists from very different backgrounds. Each person spoke their own scientific language, shaped by their field. At first, it felt like we were working on separate versions of the same problem. But as the project evolved, I began to notice a pattern. The teams that shared short, clear summaries of their progress made it easier for everyone else to connect the dots.

That experience taught me how powerful everyday communication can be. Simple things like writing concise updates, explaining reasoning clearly or taking an extra minute to document a decision made collaboration smoother and faster. None of these moments would ever appear in a publication, yet they shaped the success of the project more than any instrument or protocol. In science, progress is rarely the product of isolated effort. It grows out of shared understanding. And shared understanding always begins with clarity.

Beyond the Lab

Outside the lab, communication takes on a broader meaning. Over the years, I have realized that communicating science is not about simplifying it but about making it relatable.

When people ask about my research, I explain that I study how variations in genes contribute to disease pathogenesis and inform strategies for early detection and prevention. Framing it this way always leads to thoughtful questions, not polite silence. The same principle applies when I present at seminars or conferences. Clarity in slides, flow of information and interaction with the audience make all the difference. A well-structured presentation invites discussion. A cluttered one closes it off.

Effective communication, whether with peers or the public, ensures that research is not only understood but remembered. It turns science from information into dialogue, and that dialogue is what keeps discovery alive.

As science reached wider audiences, I also became more aware of how easily meaning can shift when information moves faster than clarity.

The Responsibility of Language

I have seen how fast science moves today. Data is shared and discussed almost instantly, often before formal publication. That speed is necessary in urgent situations, but it can also create confusion.

During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, early information about testing was often shared without enough explanation of what results actually meant. Many people interpreted a negative test as a guarantee that they were not infected, even though early PCR and rapid tests carried a risk of false negatives, especially if taken too soon after exposure. The public did not always hear the context that timing, sample quality and test sensitivity could all affect the result, which led some individuals to stop isolating or assume they were completely in the clear. A clearer explanation that a single negative test did not rule out infection, and that repeat testing or continued precautions might still be necessary, would have helped people make safer decisions.

Situations like that made me more aware of the responsibility behind every sentence we write. Clear communication is not just about accuracy. It is about context, honesty and balance. Openness only builds trust when it is matched with clarity.

Mentors and the Value of Simplicity

One of my mentors often said, “If you cannot explain it simply, you do not understand it yet.” I used to think simplicity risked losing accuracy. Over time, I realized that it is a mark of deep understanding. Being able to express complex ideas clearly is what makes them transferable to colleagues, to students and eventually to society.

That principle shapes how I now approach writing and mentorship. Many early-career scientists struggle to describe their experiments not because they lack knowledge, but because they have not practiced clarity. Encouraging them to summarize their research in plain language forces a kind of intellectual honesty. When communication becomes part of training, comprehension follows naturally.

Mentorship, in that sense, is a dialogue between clarity and curiosity. It models how to think precisely and communicate meaning.

The Quiet Foundation of Progress

Over time, I have come to see that communication is what gives science its continuity. Experiments end, and results change, but what remains is how ideas are shared and built upon. A clear sentence or a well-framed discussion can outlast the data that inspired it.

Science is, at its core, a conversation between people, across disciplines and across time. An open and thoughtful exchange allows knowledge to grow naturally, making communication not just a skill in science but the thread that allows scientific knowledge to be shared, understood and preserved.

Manali Shah is a molecular biology researcher with a deep interest in understanding how genetic variation influences health and disease. Over the years, she has worked with a range of molecular techniques, including nucleic acid extraction, biomarker assays and data-driven analysis, and she enjoys the process of connecting laboratory findings to broader biological questions. She serves as a peer reviewer for journals published by Elsevier, Wiley and Frontiers Media and is a full member of Sigma Xi. She cares about building environments where researchers, students and readers can engage with science in a genuine and meaningful way.

MORE ON THIS TOPIC