Intermediate filaments (IFs), together with actin microfilaments and tubulin microtubules, comprise the three major cytoskeletal networks that are found in most eukaryotic cells.1 Keratins, which are the largest IF protein subgroup, can be divided into the acidic type I (K9-K20) and basic type II (K1-K8) Keratins.2 Typically, epithelial cells express at least one of each type, and the proteins exist in the cells as noncovalent obligate heteropolymers. Keratin networks are highly dynamic and reorganized during cell differentiation, mitosis and apoptosis, and also play important cytoprotective and structural support roles for the cell.3,4
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