Medical scientists now have “clear” evidence that the damaged cartilage tissue in osteoarthritis and other painful joint disorders can be encouraged to regrow and regenerate, and are developing tissue engineering technology that could help millions of patients with those disorders. That’s the conclusion of a new analysis of almost 100 scientific studies on the topic, published in ACS’s journal Molecular Pharmaceutics. Tong Cao, Wei Seong Toh and colleagues point out that damage to so-called articular cartilage -- the smooth, white, rubbery tissue that covers and cushions the ends of bones in joints -- is one of the most challenging problems in medicine. That’s because the tissue lacks blood vessels and has little ability to repair itself and regrow. Wear-and-tear damage thus builds up over the years, resulting in conditions like osteoarthritis, which affects 27 million people in the United States alone. Osteoarthritis is a fast-growing public health problem because of the world’s aging population and because of a sharp increase in obesity, which increases wear on joint cartilage. To assess progress toward medical use of tissue engineering to treat joint damage, the researchers scanned global research on the topic.
