DALLAS, Feb. 13 -- Exposure to secondhand smoke at work, home or elsewhere results in a disproportionate rise in markers that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, researchers said in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association. “Our study provides further evidence to suggest low-level exposure to secondhand smoke has a clinically important effect on susceptibility to cardiovascular disease,” said Andrea Venn, Ph.D., lead author of the study and associate professor in the Division of Epidemiology and Public Health at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom. “This is the first epidemiological study to relate the levels of these markers to an objective measure of secondhand smoke exposure, rather than self-reported exposure, which can be biased.”