Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in which individuals exhibit high levels of sugar in the blood, either due to insufficient production of insulin - the hormone that allows glucose to be absorbed by body cells - or the body’s lack of response to insulin. Type 1 diabetes occurs due to loss or dysfunction of ß-cells of the pancreas, the organ that produces insulin. Type 2 diabetes is caused by a defective glucose-insulin regulatory system. The most common control for diabetes is by subcutaneous injection of insulin analogues through insulin pumps.
