Immune checkpoints are the regulators of immune system that are involved in self-tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking cells indiscriminately.
Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Biomarkers & Clinical Trials Insight 2028 Report Highlights:
- Global Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Market Opportunity: > USD 30 Billion
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Clinical Trials Insight: CTLA-4, LAG3, PD-1/PD-L1, TIGIT Inhibitors
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Clinical Trials Insight: > 300 Drugs In Trials
- Biomarkers sourced During clinical Trials
- Biomarkers Insight By Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Classification
- Insight On Biomarkers Sourced From Trials By Drugs & Indication
- Biomarker Name & Function Insight By Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Drug
- Biomarker Insight Based On Drugs In Multiple Trials Phase & Multiple Indication
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Immune checkpoints are the regulators of immune system that are involved in self-tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking cells indiscriminately. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are therapeutic antibody molecules that inhibit negative feedback signals in tumor specific T cells. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the market have shown to be effective in wide range of cancers and works by restoring the functionality of tumor specific T-cells to combat cancerous cells. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have emerged out to be potential target in the management of cancer and several antibodies targeting these receptors have been approved in the treatment of several cancers.
Ipilimumab and Yervoy were the first immune checkpoint inhibitors introduced in the market. With the promising results of Yervoy, several anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies have been developed which are available in the market. At present, 16 immune checkpoint inhibitors have been globally approved while 8 have been approved by FDA for the management of various cancers including melanoma, lung cancer, urothelial cancer, blood cancer, and several others. The encouraging response of the immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has gained interest from pharmaceutical giants. Presently, more than 500 clinical trials are ongoing which are evaluating novel immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in wide range of therapeutic indications.
In recent times, combinational approach has become the mainstream option for the management of cancer attributing to its ability to combine two or more therapeutic drugs which can overcome the multifactorial nature of the disease. For instance, Zenith Pharmaceutical in collaboration with Bristol Myers Squibb is conducting clinical trial which is evaluating triple combination of ZEN-3694 (BET inhibitor), Opdio, and Yervoy. The trial will be conducted by NCI funded investigators and will evaluate the safety and activity of this combination in patients with solid tumors that have become resistant to other therapies.
Apart from this, the genomic analyses have also revealed several other costimulatory molecules such as lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoglobulin and ITM domain (TIGIT), T-cell immunoglobulin- and mucin-domain-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3), V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA), and others. Studies have shown that drugs targeting co-stimulatory immunoreceptor when used in combination with PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4 blockade, overcomes the limitation of drug resistance. For instance, the combination of relatlimab, a LAG-3–blocking antibody, and nivolumab, a PD-1–blocking antibody, has been shown to be safe and to have antitumor activity in patients with previously treated melanoma. The novel LAG-3 antibody is expected to enter the market in 2022, which will further propel the growth of market during the forthcoming years.
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown clinical success, several patients gain no or minimal benefits from the therapy. This has surged the identification of novel biomarkers for immune checkpoint therapy. Several clinical trials are ongoing which are identifying novel prognostic and predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy. For instance, recently a team of researchers performed a meta-analysis of real-world cross-cohorts and provided an association of the gut microbiome with immune checkpoint inhibitors response in patients with advanced melanomas.
As per our report findings, the global immune checkpoint inhibitor market will surpass US$ 30 Billion by 2028. The market is mainly driven by the rising occurrence of different forms of cancer, technological advancements in the field of immune-oncology for cancer treatment, and rising awareness concerning the benefits of targeted therapies over conventional cancer therapies. Apart from this, rising government initiatives, increasing awareness among population, and development of favorable reimbursement policies is also boosting the growth of market during the forecast period. Further, the major companies involved in the growth of market include Amgen, F Star Therapeutics, Pfizer, Roche, Innovent, Bristol Myers Squibb, and others.
Contact:
Neeraj Chawla
Kuick research
Research Head
+91-981410366
neeraj@kuickresearch.com
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