Low homoarginine levels in patients referred for coronary angiography (CA) or undergoing hemodialysis are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) and all-cause mortality, research indicates. "The present results, which indicate a strong adjusted association of homoarginine with CV outcomes in two independent patient cohorts, suggest homoarginine as a potential new risk factor, with various pathomechanisms being of particular interest," comment Christoph Wanner, from University Hospital Würzburg in Germany, and team.