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PLoS By Category | Recent
PLoS Articles
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Mental Health - Neuroscience - Pediatrics and Child Health - Public Health and Epidemiology
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Altered Risk-Based Decision Making following Adolescent Alcohol Use Results from an Imbalance in Reinforcement Learning in Rats
Published:
Wednesday, May 16, 2012
Author:
Jeremy J. Clark et al.
by Jeremy J. Clark, Nicholas A. Nasrallah, Andrew S. Hart, Anne L. Collins, Ilene L. Bernstein, Paul E. M. Phillips
Alcohol use during adolescence has profound and enduring consequences on decision-making under risk. However, the fundamental psychological processes underlying these changes are unknown. Here, we show that alcohol use produces over-fast learning for better-than-expected, but not worse-than-expected, outcomes without altering subjective reward valuation. We constructed a simple reinforcement learning model to simulate altered decision making using behavioral parameters extracted from rats with a history of adolescent alcohol use. Remarkably, the learning imbalance alone was sufficient to simulate the divergence in choice behavior observed between these groups of animals. These findings identify a selective alteration in reinforcement learning following adolescent alcohol use that can account for a robust change in risk-based decision making persisting into later life.
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