UCB, Inc. Release: The Lancet Publishes First Head-To-Head Study Of CIMZIA (Certolizumab Pegol) And Humira (Adalimumab) In Bio-Naïve Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

BRUSSELS, Nov. 15, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- Today UCB announced that The Lancet published full results from EXXELERATE, the first head-to-head superiority study of two treatments in the anti-TNF class. The study compared CIMZIA® (certolizumab pegol) plus methotrexate (MTX) to Humira® (adalimumab) plus MTX in adult patients with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were inadequate responders to MTX. The study did not meet its primary endpoints for superiority, demonstrating no statistically significant difference in efficacy between CIMZIA® and Humira® in combination with MTX in both short-term (12-week) and long-term (2-year) evaluations. However, data from the study demonstrated that switching between these anti-TNFs without a wash-out period was beneficial to some patients.1

"We are very pleased that this study has been accepted in The Lancet. Prior to EXXELERATE, the body of evidence supporting the use of anti-TNFs after initial anti-TNF treatment failure was limited, as no trials have evaluated the efficacy of an immediate switch from one anti-TNF to another. EXXELERATE, among other important information, provides evidence supporting the treat-to-target approach, emphasizing the importance of clinical decision making three months after initiating therapy. By following this approach, and using a second anti-TNF at Week 12 in the event of inadequate response, clinicians maximize the potential benefit of anti-TNF therapy. This also allows early identification of patients within six months who may not have an adequate response to anti-TNF therapy and who may benefit from a different mode of action," said Professor Dr. Josef S. Smolen, Department of Medicine 3, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

"With EXXELERATE, UCB has taken significant steps to help better inform treatment decisions and bring real world value to patients. EXXELERATE highlights the potential value of switching between CIMZIA® and Humira® after a pre-determined time interval. The ability to make a treatment decision at three months, as demonstrated in this trial, should benefit patients and minimize resource allocation to an ineffective therapy," said Emmanuel Caeymaex, Head of Immunology and Executive Vice President, Immunology Patient Value Unit, UCB. "Approximately half the initial responders achieved low disease activity within two years, demonstrating that we are developing solutions that enable patients to achieve a desirable level of disease control."

The percentage of patients achieving an ACR20 response at three months was 69.2 percent versus 71.4 percent with CIMZIA® and Humira®, respectively, and the percentage of patients achieving a state of low disease activity (LDA) at two years were 35.5 percent versus 33.5 percent, respectively.1

In the study, 14.7 percent of patients receiving CIMZIA® [n=67] and 12.9 percent of patients receiving Humira® [n=59] did not respond to their initial therapy at three months, with response defined as being in LDA or DAS28(ESR) reduction from Week 12 of 1.2. At three months, 65 patients on CIMZIA® and 57 patients on Humira® were switched to receive immediate treatment with the other agent without a wash-out period between treatments (patients switching from Humira® to CIMZIA® received the loading dose of CIMZIA®). Of those patients, 57.9 percent switching to CIMZIA® (n=33/57) and 61.5 percent switching to Humira® (n=40/65) responded 12 weeks later by achieving a state of LDA or DAS28 (ESR) reduction from Week 12 of 1.2.1

The secondary efficacy endpoints between CIMZIA® and Humira® showed patients achieving LDA at Weeks 6 (20.5 percent and 18.1 percent), 12 (30.4 percent and 29.7 percent) and 52 (41.6 percent and 38.3 percent) respectively.1 Change from baseline in HAQ-DI from week 104 was -0.62 and -0.72 and normative physical function (HAQ-DI 0.2522) was achieved by 20.3% and 22.2% for CIMZIA® and Humira® respectively.

For the study population (n=915), overall safety was similar between agents, including incidence per 100 patient-years of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs, 139.9 and 134.8), serious TEAEs (SAEs, 9.4 and 7.7), and serious infections and infestations (2.2 and 2.0), for CIMZIA® and Humira®, respectively (defined by treatment at onset of adverse event). For those patients who switched from one TNF inhibitor to the other, no serious infections or infestations were reported in the 70-day period following treatment switch.1

In addition to being published in The Lancet, these data were also presented today as an oral presentation during the plenary session at the 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting in Washington, DC, November 11-16, 2016.

About EXXELERATE1
EXXELERATE (NCT01500278) was a Phase 4, 24-month (104-week) randomized, single-blind, parallel-group, head-to-head superiority study. The study was designed to evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy of certolizumab pegol (CZP) compared with adalimumab (ADA), both in combination with methotrexate (MTX), in the treatment of moderate to severe RA patients who have not responded adequately to MTX.

The primary endpoints of the study were the percentage of patients with an ACR20 response at Week 12 (i.e., 20% improvement in tender or swollen joint counts and a 20% improvement in at least three of the other five criteria: patient assessment, physician assessment, pain scale, disability/functional questionnaire, and acute phase reactant) and the percentage of patients who achieved low disease activity (DAS28[ESR] 3.2) at Week 104.

Biologic-naïve patients (n=915) with moderate to severe RA and an inadequate response to MTX, were randomly assigned at baseline (Week 0) in a 1:1 ratio to receive either:

  • A standard loading dose regimen of CZP 400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 + MTX, followed by CZP 200 mg Q2W + MTX.
  • ADA 40 mg Q2W + MTX, with placebo also given at Weeks 0, 2 and 4 to maintain blinding

MTX dosing was maintained at 1525 mg/week orally or subcutaneously, with one dose adjustment permitted between Week 12 and Week 52, and a one dose adjustment permitted between Week 52 and Week 104. For patients unable to tolerate MTX at these doses, MTX dose could be reduced to 10 mg/week after Week 12.

At Week 12, patients were categorized as responders, if they achieved low disease activity (LDA), defined as DAS28(ESR) 3.2 or had a DAS28(ESR) change from baseline (CFB) reduction 1.2.

Patient response at Week 12 determined what treatment they received from this point onwards. Week 12 responders continued with their initial treatment through Week 104. Week 12 non-responders switched treatment, either from CZP to ADA or vice versa, depending on their initial randomised treatment. At Week 24, subjects achieving LDA defined as DAS28(ESR)<or = 3.2 or a DAS28(ESR) reduction of 1.2 from Week 12 continued their treatment through to Week 104, but those who did not achieve either of these criteria were withdrawn from the study. Patients and investigators were blinded until week 12 and then only investigators were blinded until week 104.

About Cimzia® In the US
Cimzia® is the only Fc-free, PEGylated anti-TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor). Cimzia® has a high affinity for human TNF-alpha, selectively neutralizing the pathophysiological effects of TNF-alpha.

Cimzia® is indicated for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active rheumatoid arthritis, adults with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and adults with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In addition, it is indicated for reducing signs and symptoms of Crohn's disease and maintaining clinical response in adult patients with moderately to severely active disease who have had an inadequate response to conventional therapy. See important safety information including risk of serious bacterial, viral and fungal infections and tuberculosis below.

Important Safety Information about Cimzia® in the US

Risk of Serious Infections and Malignancy

Patients treated with Cimzia® are at an increased risk for developing serious infections that may lead to hospitalization or death. Most patients who developed these infections were taking concomitant immunosuppressants such as methotrexate or corticosteroids. Cimzia® should be discontinued if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis. Reported infections include:

  • Active tuberculosis, including reactivation of latent tuberculosis. Patients with tuberculosis have frequently presented with disseminated or extrapulmonary disease. Patients should be tested for latent tuberculosis before Cimzia® use and during therapy. Treatment for latent infection should be initiated prior to Cimzia® use.
  • Invasive fungal infections, including histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, and pneumocystosis. Patients with histoplasmosis or other invasive fungal infections may present with disseminated, rather than localized disease. Antigen and antibody testing for histoplasmosis may be negative in some patients with active infection. Empiric anti-fungal therapy should be considered in patients at risk for invasive fungal infections who develop severe systemic illness.
  • Bacterial, viral and other infections due to opportunistic pathogens, including Legionella and Listeria.

The risks and benefits of treatment with Cimzia® should be carefully considered prior to initiating therapy in patients with chronic or recurrent infection. Patients should be closely monitored for the development of signs and symptoms of infection during and after treatment with Cimzia®, including the possible development of tuberculosis in patients who tested negative for latent tuberculosis infection prior to initiating therapy.

Lymphoma and other malignancies, some fatal, have been reported in children and adolescent patients treated with TNF blockers, of which Cimzia® is a member. Cimzia® is not indicated for use in pediatric patients.

Patients treated with Cimzia® are at an increased risk for developing serious infections involving various organ systems and sites that may lead to hospitalization or death. Opportunistic infections due to bacterial, mycobacterial, invasive fungal, viral, parasitic, or other opportunistic pathogens including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, legionellosis, listeriosis, pneumocystosis and tuberculosis have been reported with TNF blockers. Patients have frequently presented with disseminated rather than localized disease.

Treatment with Cimzia® should not be initiated in patients with an active infection, including clinically important localized infections. Cimzia® should be discontinued if a patient develops a serious infection or sepsis. Patients greater than 65 years of age, patients with co-morbid conditions, and/or patients taking concomitant immunosuppressants (e.g., corticosteroids or methotrexate) may be at a greater risk of infection. Patients who develop a new infection during treatment with Cimzia® should be closely monitored, undergo a prompt and complete diagnostic workup appropriate for immunocompromised patients, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy should be initiated. Appropriate empiric antifungal therapy should also be considered while a diagnostic workup is performed for patients who develop a serious systemic illness and reside or travel in regions where mycoses are endemic.

Malignancies

During controlled and open-labeled portions of Cimzia® studies of Crohn's disease and other diseases, malignancies (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) were observed at a rate of 0.5 per 100 patient-years among 4,650 Cimzia®-treated patients versus a rate of 0.6 per 100 patient-years among 1,319 placebo-treated patients. In studies of Cimzia® for Crohn's disease and other investigational uses, there was one case of lymphoma among 2,657 Cimzia®-treated patients and one case of Hodgkin lymphoma among 1,319 placebo-treated patients. In Cimzia® RA clinical trials (placebo-controlled and open label), a total of three cases of lymphoma were observed among 2,367 patients. This is approximately 2-fold higher than expected in the general population. Patients with RA, particularly those with highly active disease, are at a higher risk for the development of lymphoma. The potential role of TNF blocker therapy in the development of malignancies is not known.

Malignancies, some fatal, have been reported among children, adolescents, and young adults who received treatment with TNF-blocking agents (initiation of therapy 18 years of age), of which Cimzia® is a member. Approximately half of the cases were lymphoma (including Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), while the other cases represented a variety of different malignancies and included rare malignancies associated with immunosuppression and malignancies not usually observed in children and adolescents. Most of the patients were receiving concomitant immunosuppressants.

Cases of acute and chronic leukemia have been reported with TNF-blocker use. Even in the absence of TNF-blocker therapy, patients with RA may be at a higher risk (approximately 2-fold) than the general population for developing leukemia.

Postmarketing cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), a rare type of T-cell lymphoma that has a very aggressive disease course and is usually fatal, have been reported in patients treated with TNF blockers, including Cimzia®. The majority of reported TNF blocker cases occurred in adolescent and young adult males with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Almost all of these patients had received treatment with the immunosuppressants azathioprine and/or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) concomitantly with a TNF blocker at or prior to diagnosis. Carefully assess the risks and benefits of treatment with Cimzia®, especially in these patient types.

Melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma have been reported in patients treated with TNF-antaganists, including Cimzia®. Periodic skin examinations are recommended for all patients, particularly those with risk factors for skin cancer.

Heart Failure

Cases of worsening congestive heart failure (CHF) and new onset CHF have been reported with TNF blockers. Cimzia® has not been formally studied in patients with CHF. Exercise caution when using Cimzia® in patients who have heart failure and monitor them carefully.

Hypersensitivity

Symptoms compatible with hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema, dyspnea, hypotension, rash, serum sickness, and urticaria, have been reported rarely following Cimzia® administration. Some of these reactions occurred after the first administration of Cimzia®. If such reactions occur, discontinue further administration of Cimzia® and institute appropriate therapy.

Hepatitis B Reactivation

Use of TNF blockers, including Cimzia®, has been associated with reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients who are chronic carriers of this virus. Some cases have been fatal.

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